常用十大翻譯技巧之五:正譯法和反譯法

5.正譯法和反譯法

這兩種方法通常用于漢譯英,偶爾也用于英譯漢。所謂正譯,是指把句子按照與漢語相同的語序或表達方式翻譯成英語。所謂反譯則是指把句子按照與漢語相反的語序或表達方式譯成英語。正譯與反譯常常具有同義的效果,但反譯往往更符合英語的思維方式和表達習慣。因此比較地道。如:

(1) 在美國,人人都能買到槍。
In the United States, everyone can buy a gun. (正譯)
In the United States, guns are available to everyone. (反譯)
(2) 妳可以從因特網上獲得這一信息。
You can obtain this information on the Internet. (正譯)
This information is accessible/available on the Internet. (反譯)
(3) 他突然想到了一個新主意。
Suddenly he had a new idea. (正譯)
He suddenly thought out a new idea. (正譯)
A new idea suddenly occurred to/struck him. (反譯)
(4) 他仍然沒有弄懂我的意思。
He still could not understand me. (正譯)
Still he failed to understand me. (反譯)
(5) 無論如何,她算不上一位思維敏捷的學生。
She can hardly be rated as a bright student. (正譯)
She is anything but a bright student. (反譯)
(6) Please withhold the document for the time being.
請暫時扣下這份文件。(正譯)
請暫時不要發這份文件。(反譯)

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